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seeing that there would be

  • 1 ἐρημία

    I of places, a solitude, desert, wilderness, Hdt.3.98, A.Pr.2, etc. ;

    ἡ Σκυθῶν ἐ. Ar.Ach. 704

     ;

    ἀφίκετ' εἰς ἐ. Id.Lys. 787

     ; ἕρπει εἰς τὰς ἐρημίας to solitary places, Arist.HA 610b24, etc.
    II as a state or condition, solitude, loneliness, ἐρημίαν ἄγειν, to keep alone, E.Med.50 ;

    μονάδ' ἔχουσ' ἐ. Id.Ba. 609

     (troch.) ;

    ἐρημίας τυχών Id.El. 510

     ;

    ἐν ἐρημίᾳ ἐλοιδοροῦντο Antipho 2.1.4

     ; of persons, isolation, destitution, S.OC 957, Lys.18.25 ;

    πολλὴν ἡμῶν ἐ. καταγνόντες Is.1.2

     ; δι' ἐρημίαν from being left alone, Th.1.71, cf. 3.67 ;

    ἐρημίας ἐπειλημμένοι D.3.27

     ;

    εὑρετικὸν εἶναί φασι τὴν ἐ. Men.39

    .
    b of places, desolation,

    ἐρημίᾳ δοῦναί τι E.Tr.97

     ; ἐρημία..πόλιν ὅταν λάβῃ ib.26 ;

    ἀτριβὴς ὑπ' ἐρημίας Th.4.8

    .
    2 c. gen., want of, absence,

    φίλων X.Mem. 2.2.14

     ; ἀρσένων, βροτῶν, ἀνδρῶν, E.Hec. 1017,Ba. 875 (lyr., pl.), Th. 6.102 ;

    λύχνων Ar.Av. 1484

     (lyr.), etc. ; δι' ἐρημίας πολεμίων πορευόμενος without finding any enemy, X.HG3.4.21 ; τὴν ἐ. τῶν κωλυσόντων ὁρῶν seeing that there would be none to hinder him, D.4.49 ; ἐ. σώματος, = κενόν, Zeno Stoic.1.26 ; even ἐ. κακῶν freedom from evil, E. HF 1157.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐρημία

  • 2 ὅτι

    ὅτῐ, [dialect] Ep. [full] ὅττῐ (both in Hom.): Conj., to introduce an objective clause,
    A that, after Verbs of seeing or knowing, thinking or saying; in Hom. freq. strengthd. ὅτι ῥα, and ὅτι δή:—Usage:
    I when ὅτι introduces a statement of fact:
    a in Hom. always with ind., the tense following the same rules as in English,

    ἤγγειλ' ὅττι ῥά οἱ πόσις ἔκτοθι μίμνε πυλάων Il.22.439

    .
    b in [dialect] Att., ὅτι takes ind. after primary tenses, ind. or opt. after secondary tenses, e.g.

    ἐνδείκνυμαι ὅτι οὐκ ἔστι σοφός Pl.Ap. 23b

    ;

    ᾔσθετο ὅτι τὸ Μένωνος στράτευμα ἤδη ἐν Κιλικίᾳ ἦν X.An.1.2.21

    , cf. 2.2.15, al.;

    ἔλεγον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθῶς αἱ σπονδαὶ γένοιντο Th.5.61

    , cf. Pl.Phd. 59e, etc.;

    ἠπείλησ' ὅτι.. βαδιοίμην Ar.Pl. 88

    : the ind. is freq. retained in the same tense which the speaker used or would have used, ἠγγέλθη.. ὅτι Μέγαρα ἀφέστηκε news came that Megara had (lit. has) revolted, Th.1.114; ἀποκρινάμενοι ὅτι πέμψουσι ib.90: sts. opt. and ind. are found in the same sentence,

    ἔλεγον, ὅτι Κῦρος μὲν τέθνηκεν, Ἀριαῖος δὲ πεφευγὼς.. εἴη X.An. 2.1.3

    ;

    Περικλῆς.. προηγόρευε.. ὅτι Ἀρχίδαμος μέν οἱ ξένος εἴη.., τοὺς δ' ἀγροὺς τοὺς ἑαυτοῦ καὶ οἰκίας.., ἀφίησιν αὐτὰ δημόσια εἶναι Th. 2.13

    , cf. Pl.Phd. 61b, etc.: also ὅτι .. and the acc. with inf. are found together, Th.3.25, X.Cyr.1.3.13.
    2 when ὅτι introduces a conditional sentence, the Constr. after ὅτι is the same as in independent conditional sentences, εἴ τις ἔροιτο, καθ' ὁποίους νόμους δεῖ πολιτεύεσθαι, δῆλον ὅτι ἀποκρίναισθ' ἄν .. it is manifest that you would answer.., D.46.12, cf. X.Mem.1.6.12.
    II ὅτι is freq. inserted pleon. in introducing a quotation (where we use no Conj. and put inverted commas), λόγον τόνδε ἐκφαίνει ὁ Πρωτεύς, λέγων ὅτι ἐγὼ εἰ μὴ περὶ πολλοῦ ἡγεύμην .. Hdt.2.115; καὶ ἐγὼ εἶπον, ὅ. ἡ αὐτή μοι ἀρχή ἐστι .. Pl.Prt. 318a, cf. 356a, 361a, etc.; even where the quotation consists of one word, ib. 330c, Men. 74b, 74c.
    2 ὅ. is also used pleon. with the inf. and acc. (cf.

    ὡς B.

     I.I), εἶπον ὅτι πρῶτον ἐμὲ χρῆναι πειραθῆναι κατ' ἐμαυτόν (which is in fact a mixture of two constrr.) Id.Lg. 892d, cf. Phd.63c, X.HG2.2.2, etc.; but ὅτι has freq. been wrongly inserted by the copyists, as if εἶπεν or λέγουσιν must be followed by it, as in Th.4.37 (om. Pap.), X.Cyr.5.4.1, etc.
    III ὅτι in [dialect] Att. freq. represents a whole sentence, esp. in affirm. answers, οὐκοῦν.. τὸ ἀδικεῖν κάκιον ἂν εἴη τοῦ ἀδικεῖσθαι. Answ. δῆλον δὴ ὅτι (i.e. ὅτι κάκιον ἂν εἴη, or ὅτι ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχει) Pl.Grg. 475c; cf. οἶδ' ὅτι, ἴσθ' ὅτι, οἶσθ' ὅτι, S.Ant. 276, 758, Pl.Grg. 486a, etc.: hence arose the practice of using δηλονότι (q.v.) as Adv.
    2 what we make the subject of the Verb which follows ὅτι freq. stands in the preceding clause, Αυκάονας δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ εἴδομεν, ὅτι.. καρποῦνται (for εἴδομεν, ὅτι Λυκάονες καρποῦνται) X.An.3.2.23, cf. 3.2.29, etc.
    IV ὅτι sts.= with regard to the fact that,

    ὅτι.. οὔ φησι.. ὄνομα εἶναι, ὑποπτεύω αὐτὸν σκώπτειν Pl.Cra. 384c

    , cf. Prt. 330e, etc.
    V οὐχ ὅ..., ἀλλὰ or

    ἀλλὰ καὶ.., οὐχ ὅ. ὁ Κρίτων ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ ἦν, ἀλλὰ οἱ φίλοι αὐτοῦ

     not only

    Crito

     .., but his friends, X.Mem.2.9.8; more fully,

    οὐ μόνον ὅ. ἄνδρες, ἀλλὰ καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες Pl.Smp. 179b

    : so folld. by ἀλλ' οὐδὲ.., ταύτῃ ἀδύνατα ἐξισοῦσθαι οὐχ ὅ. τὰ ἐν τῇ Εὐρώπῃ, ἀλλ' οὐδ' ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ not only the powers in Europe, but.., Th.2.97: οὐχ ὅ., not folld. by a second clause, means although,

    οὐχ ὅ. παίζει καί φησι Pl.Prt. 336d

    , cf. Grg. 450e, Tht. 157b; cf.

    ὅπως A.

     II. 2.
    B as a causal Particle, for that, because, generally after Verbs of feeling, Il.1.56, 14.407, al.;

    οὐδὲν ἐκπλαγείς, ὅτι.. εἶδες Jul.Or.1.31a

    : but without such a Verb,

    ὃν περὶ πάσης τῖεν ὁμηλικίης, ὅτι οἱ φρεσὶν ἄρτια ᾔδη Il.5.326

    , cf. 9.76, al.;

    μάλιστα δ' αὐτοὺς ἐπεκαλέσαντο ὅτι τειχομαχεῖν ἐδόκουν δυνατοὶ εἶναι Th.1.102

    , cf. And.1.75, Aeschin.3.231; so

    ὅτιπερ Th.4.14

    .
    b folld. by τί, ὅτι τί; why? (lit. because why?) D.23.214; ὅτι τί δή; Ar.Pl. 136, Luc.Dem.Enc.22; ὅτι δὴ τί μάλιστα; Pl.R. 343a; ὅτι δὴ τί γε; Id.Chrm. 161c; cf. ὁτιή.
    2 seeing that, in giving the reason for saying what is said, γλαυκὴ δέ σε τίκτε θάλασσα.. ὅτι τοι νόος ἐστὶν ἀπηνής as is proved by the fact that.., Il.16.35, cf. 21.488, Od.22.36. [The last syll. is never elided in [dialect] Att., prob. to avoid confusion with ὅτε: in Hom. ὅτ' ([etym.] ὅ τ') prob. always represents ὅτε ([etym.] ὅ τε): there are no examples of ὅττ': hiatus after ὅτι is permitted in Com., Ar.Lys. 611, Ach. 516.]

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὅτι

  • 3 ὡς

    ὡς (Hom.+; loanw. in rabb.) relative adv. of the relative pron. ὅς. It is used as
    ① a comparative particle, marking the manner in which someth. proceeds, as, like
    ⓐ corresponding to οὕτως=‘so, in such a way’: σωθήσεται, οὕτως ὡς διὰ πυρός he will be saved, (but only) in such a way as (one, in an attempt to save oneself, must go) through fire (and therefore suffer fr. burns) 1 Cor 3:15. τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα οὕτως ἀγαπάτω ὡς ἑαυτόν Eph 5:33; cp. vs. 28. ἡμέρα κυρίου ὡς κλέπτης οὕτως ἔρχεται 1 Th 5:2. The word οὕτως can also be omitted ἀσφαλίσασθε ὡς οἴδατε make it as secure as you know how = as you can Mt 27:65. ὡς οὐκ οἶδεν αὐτός (in such a way) as he himself does not know = he himself does not know how, without his knowing (just) how Mk 4:27. ὡς ἀνῆκεν (in such a way) as is fitting Col 3:18. Cp. 4:4; Eph 6:20; Tit 1:5 (cp. Just., A I, 3, 1 ὡς πρέπον ἐστίν). ὡς πᾶσα γυνὴ γεννᾷ GJs 11:2; ὡς ἀπεκαλύφθη AcPlCor 1:8.
    ⓑ special uses
    α. in ellipses (TestAbr A 12 p. 90, 22 [Stone p. 28] θρόνος … ἐξαστράπτων ὡς πῦρ; TestJob 20:3 χρήσασθαι … ὡς ἐβούλετο; JosAs 12:7 πρὸς σὲ κατέφυγον ὡς παιδίον ἐπὶ τὸν πατέρα) ἐλάλουν ὡς νήπιος I used to speak as a child (is accustomed to speak) 1 Cor 13:11a; cp. bc; Mk 10:15; Eph 6:6a; Phil 2:22; Col 3:22. ὡς τέκνα φωτὸς περιπατεῖτε walk as (is appropriate for) children of light Eph 5:8; cp. 6:6b. ὡς ἐν ἡμέρᾳ as (it is one’s duty to walk) in the daylight Ro 13:13. The Israelites went through the Red Sea ὡς διὰ ξηρᾶς γῆς as (one travels) over dry land Hb 11:29. οὐ λέγει ὡς ἐπὶ πολλῶν ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐφʼ ἑνός he speaks not as one would of a plurality (s. ἐπί 8), but as of a single thing Gal 3:16.—Ro 15:15; 1 Pt 5:3. Also referring back to οὕτως (GrBar 6:16 ὡς γὰρ τὰ δίστομα οὕτως καὶ ὁ ἀλέκτωρ μηνύει τοῖς ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ like articulate beings the rooster informs earth’s inhabitants) οὕτως τρέχω ὡς οὐκ ἀδήλως I run as (a person) with a fixed goal 1 Cor 9:26a. Cp. ibid. b; Js 2:12.
    β. ὡς and the words that go w. it can be the subj. or obj., of a clause: γενηθήτω σοι ὡς θέλεις let it be done (= it will be done) for you as you wish Mt 15:28. Cp. 8:13; Lk 14:22 v.l. (for ὅ; cp. ὡς τὸ θέλημά σου OdeSol 11:21). The predicate belonging to such a subj. is to be supplied in οὐχ ὡς ἐγὼ θέλω (γενηθήτω) Mt 26:39a.—ἐποίησεν ὡς προσέταξεν αὐτῷ ὁ ἄγγελος he did as (= that which) the angel commanded him (to do) Mt 1:24; cp. 26:19 (on the structure s. RPesch, BZ 10, ’66, 220–45; 11, ’67, 79–95; cp. the formula Job 42:9 and the contrasting negation Ex 1:17; s. also Ex 3:21f); 28:15.—Practically equivalent to ὅ, which is a v.l. for it Mk 14:72 (JBirdsall, NovT 2, ’58, 272–75; cp. Lk 14:22 above).
    γ. ἕκαστος ὡς each one as or according to what Ro 12:3; 1 Cor 3:5; 7:17ab; Rv 22:12. ὡς ἦν δυνατὸς ἕκαστος each person interpreted them as best each could Papias (2:16).
    δ. in indirect questions (X., Cyr. 1, 5, 11 ἀπαίδευτοι ὡς χρὴ συμμάχοις χρῆσθαι) ἐξηγοῦντο ὡς ἐγνώσθη αὐτοῖς ἐν τῇ κλάσει τοῦ ἄρτου they told how he had made himself known to them when they broke bread together Lk 24:35. Cp. Mk 12:26 v.l. (for πῶς); Lk 8:47; 23:55; Ac 10:38; 20:20; Ro 11:2; 2 Cor 7:15.
    ② a conjunction marking a point of comparison, as. This ‘as’ can have a ‘so’ expressly corresponding to it or not, as the case may be; further, both sides of the comparison can be expressed in complete clauses, or one or even both may be abbreviated.
    ⓐ ὡς is correlative w. οὕτως=so. οὕτως … ὡς (so, in such a way) … as: οὐδέποτε ἐλάλησεν οὕτως ἄνθρωπος ὡς οὗτος λαλεῖ ὁ ἄνθρωπος J 7:46. ὡς … οὕτως Ac 8:32 (Is 53:7); 23:11; Ro 5:15 (ὡς τὸ παράπτωμα, οὕτως καὶ τὸ χάρισμα, both halves to be completed), 18. ὡς κοινωνοί ἐστε τῶν παθημάτων, οὕτως καὶ τῆς παρακλήσεως as you are comrades in suffering, so (shall you be) in comfort as well 2 Cor 1:7. Cp. 7:14; 11:3 v.l.—ὡς … καί as … so (Plut., Mor. 39e; Ath. 15, 2) Mt 6:10; Ac 7:51; 2 Cor 13:2; Gal 1:9; Phil 1:20.
    ⓑ The clause beginning w. ὡς can easily be understood and supplied in many cases; when this occurs, the noun upon which the comparison depends can often stand alone, and in these cases ὡς acts as a particle denoting comparison. οἱ δίκαιοι ἐκλάμψουσιν ὡς ὁ ἥλιος the righteous will shine out as the sun (shines) Mt 13:43. ὡς ἐπὶ λῃστὴν ἐξήλθατε συλλαβεῖν με as (one goes out) against a robber, (so) you have gone out to arrest me 26:55 (Mel., P. 79, 574 ὡς ἐπὶ φόνιον λῄστην). γίνεσθε φρόνιμοι ὡς οἱ ὄφεις be (as) wise as serpents (are) 10:16b. Cp. Lk 12:27; 21:35; 22:31; J 15:6; 2 Ti 2:17; 1 Pt 5:8.
    ⓒ Semitic infl. is felt in the manner in which ὡς, combined w. a subst., takes the place of a subst. or an adj.
    α. a substantive
    א. as subj. (cp. Da 7:13 ὡς υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου ἤρχετο; cp. 10:16, 18) ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου (ἦν) ὡς θάλασσα ὑαλίνη before the throne there was something like a sea of glass Rv 4:6. Cp. 8:8; 9:7a. ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἐγενήθησαν ὡς ἡ ἄμμος from one man they have come into being as the sand, i.e. countless descendants Hb 11:12.
    ב. as obj. (JosAs 17:6 εἶδεν Ἀσενὲθ ὡς ἅρμα πυρός) ᾂδουσιν ὡς ᾠδὴν καινήν they were singing, as it were, a new song Rv 14:3. ἤκουσα ὡς φωνήν I heard what sounded like a shout 19:1, 6abc; cp. 6:1.
    β. as adjective, pred. (mostly εἶναι, γίνεσθαι ὡς; the latter also in rendering of ךְּ to express the basic reality of something: GDelling, Jüd. Lehre u. Frömmigkeit ’67, p. 58, on ParJer 9:7) ἐὰν μὴ γένησθε ὡς τὰ παιδία if you do not become child-like Mt 18:3. ὡς ἄγγελοί εἰσιν they are similar to angels 22:30. πᾶσα σὰρξ ὡς χόρτος 1 Pt 1:24. Cp. Mk 6:34; 12:25; Lk 22:26ab; Ro 9:27 (Is 10:22); 29a (Is 1:9a); 1 Cor 4:13; 7:7f, 29–31; 9:20f; 2 Pt 3:8ab (Ps 89:4); Rv 6:12ab al. (cp. GrBar 14:1 ἐγένετο φωνὴ ὡς βροντή). Sim. also ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου treat me like one of your day laborers Lk 15:19.—The adj. or adjectival expr. for which this form stands may be used as an attribute πίστιν ὡς κόκκον σινάπεως faith like a mustard seed=faith no greater than a tiny mustard seed Mt 17:20; Lk 17:6. προφήτης ὡς εἷς τῶν προφητῶν Mk 6:15. Cp. Ac 3:22; 7:37 (both Dt 18:15); 10:11; 11:5. ἐγένετο ὡς εἷς τῶν φευγόντων AcPl Ha 5, 18. ἀρνίον ὡς ἐσφαγμένον a lamb that appeared to have been slaughtered Rv 5:6.—In expressions like τρίχας ὡς τρίχας γυναικῶν 9:8a the second τρίχας can be omitted as self-evident (Ps 54:7 v.l.): ἡ φωνὴ ὡς σάλπιγγος 4:1; cp. 1:10; 9:8b; 13:2a; 14:2c; 16:3.
    ⓓ other noteworthy uses
    α. ὡς as can introduce an example ὡς καὶ Ἠλίας ἐποίησεν Lk 9:54 v.l.; cp. 1 Pt 3:6; or, in the combination ὡς γέγραπται, a scripture quotation Mk 1:2 v.l.; 7:6; Lk 3:4; Ac 13:33; cp. Ro 9:25; or even an authoritative human opinion Ac 17:28; 22:5; 25:10; or any other decisive reason Mt 5:48; 6:12 (ὡς καί).
    β. ὡς introduces short clauses: ὡς εἰώθει as his custom was Mk 10:1. Cp. Hs 5, 1, 2. ὡς λογίζομαι as I think 1 Pt 5:12. ὡς ἐνομίζετο as was supposed Lk 3:23 (Diog. L. 3, 2 ὡς Ἀθήνησιν ἦν λόγος [about Plato’s origin]; TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 32 [Stone p. 12] ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ; Just., A I, 6, 2 ὡς ἐδιδάχθημεν). ὡς ἦν as he was Mk 4:36. ὡς ἔφην Papias (2:15) (ApcMos 42; cp. Just., A I, 21, 6 ὡς προέφημεν).
    γ. The expr. οὕτως ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ ὡς ἄνθρωπος βάλῃ τὸν σπόρον Mk 4:26 may well exhibit colloquial syntax; but some think that ἄν (so one v.l. [=ἐάν, which is read by many mss.]) once stood before ἄνθρωπος and was lost inadvertently. S. the comm., e.g. EKlostermann, Hdb. z. NT4 ’50 ad loc.; s. also Jülicher, Gleichn. 539; B-D-F §380, 4; Mlt. 185 w. notes; Rdm.2 154; Rob. 928; 968.
    ③ marker introducing the perspective from which a pers., thing, or activity is viewed or understood as to character, function, or role, as
    ⓐ w. focus on quality, circumstance, or role
    α. as (JosAs 26:7 ἔγνω … Λευὶς … ταῦτα πάντα ὡς προφήτης; Just., A I, 7, 4 ἵνα ὡς ἄδικος κολάζηται) τί ἔτι κἀγὼ ὡς ἁμαρτωλὸς κρίνομαι; why am I still being condemned as a sinner? Ro 3:7. ὡς σοφὸς ἀρχιτέκτων 1 Cor 3:10. ὡς ἀρτιγέννητα βρέφη as newborn children (in reference to desire for maternal milk) 1 Pt 2:2. μή τις ὑμῶν πασχέτω ὡς φονεύς 4:15a; cp. b, 16.—1:14; 1 Cor 7:25; 2 Cor 6:4; Eph 5:1; Col 3:12; 1 Th 2:4, 7a.—In the oblique cases, genitive (ApcSed 16:2 ὡς νέου αὐτοῦ ἐπαράβλεπον τὰ πταίσματα αὐτοῦ; Just., A I, 14, 4 ὑμέτερον ἔστω ὡς δυνατῶν βασιλέων): τιμίῳ αἵματι ὡς ἀμνοῦ ἀμώμου Χριστοῦ with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish 1 Pt 1:19. δόξαν ὡς μονογενοῦς παρὰ πατρός glory as of an only-begotten son, coming from the Father J 1:14. Cp. Hb 12:27. Dative (Ath. 14, 2 θύουσιν ὡς θεοῖς; 28, 3 πιστεύειν ὡς μυθοποιῷ; Stephan. Byz. s.v. Κυνόσαργες: Ἡρακλεῖ ὡς θεῷ θύων): λαλῆσαι ὑμῖν ὡς πνευματικοῖς 1 Cor 3:1a; cp. bc; 10:15; 2 Cor 6:13; Hb 12:5; 1 Pt 2:13f; 3:7ab; 2 Pt 1:19. Accusative (JosAs 22:8 ἠγάπα αὐτὸν ὡς ἄνδρα προφήτην; Just., A I, 4, 4 τὸ ὄνομα ὡς ἔλεγχον λαμβάνετε; Tat. 27, 1 ὡς ἀθεωτάτους ἡμᾶς ἐκκηρύσσετε; Ath. 16, 4 οὐ προσκυνῶ αὐτὰ ὡς θεοὺς): οὐχ ὡς θεὸν ἐδόξασαν Ro 1:21; 1 Cor 4:14; 8:7; Tit 1:7; Phlm 16; Hb 6:19; 11:9. παρακαλῶ ὡς παροίκους καὶ παρεπιδήμους 1 Pt 2:11 (from the perspective of their conversion experience the recipients of the letter are compared to temporary residents and disenfranchised foreigners, cp. the imagery 1 Pt 1:19 above and s. παρεπίδημος and πάροικος 2).—This is prob. also the place for ὸ̔ ἐὰν ποιῆτε, ἐργάζεσθε ὡς τῷ κυρίῳ whatever you have to do, do it as work for the Lord Col 3:23. Cp. Eph 5:22. εἴ τις λαλεῖ ὡς λόγια θεοῦ if anyone preaches, (let the pers. do so) as if (engaged in proclaiming the) words of God 1 Pt 4:11a; cp. ibid. b; 2 Cor 2:17bc; Eph 6:5, 7.
    β. ὡς w. ptc. gives the reason for an action as one who, because (X., Cyr. 7, 5, 13 κατεγέλων τῆς πολιορκίας ὡς ἔχοντες τὰ ἐπιτήδεια; Appian, Liby. 56 §244 μέμφεσθαι τοῖς θεοῖς ὡς ἐπιβουλεύουσι=as being hostile; Polyaenus 2, 1, 1; 3, 10, 3 ὡς ἔχων=just as if he had; TestAbr B 8 p. 112, 17 [Stone p. 72] ὡς αὐτῷ ὄντι φίλῳ μου (do it for) him [Abraham] as a friend of mine; TestJob 17:5 καθʼ ἡμῶν ὡς τυραννούντων against us as though we were tyrants; ApcMos 23 ὡς νομίζοντες on the assumption that (we would not be discovered); Jos., Ant. 1, 251; Ath. 16, 1 ὁ δὲ κόσμος οὐχ ὡς δεομένου τοῦ θεοῦ γέγονεν; SIG 1168, 35); Paul says: I appealed to the Emperor οὐχ ὡς τοῦ ἔθνους μου ἔχων τι κατηγορεῖν not that I had any charge to bring against my (own) people Ac 28:19 (PCairZen 44, 23 [257 B.C.] οὐχ ὡς μενῶν=not as if it were my purpose to remain there). ὡς foll. by the gen. abs. ὡς τὰ πάντα ἡμῖν τῆς θείας δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ δεδωρημένης because his divine power has granted us everything 2 Pt 1:3. Cp. Dg. 5:16.—Only in isolated instances does ὡς show causal force when used w. a finite verb for, seeing that (PLeid 16, 1, 20; Lucian, Dial. Mort. 17, 2, end, Vit. Auct. 25; Aesop, Fab. 109 P.=148 H.; 111 H-H.: ὡς εὐθέως ἐξελεύσομαι=because; Tetrast. Iamb. 1, 6, 3; Nicetas Eugen. 6, 131 H. Cp. Herodas 10, 3: ὡς=because [with the copula ‘is’ to be supplied]) Mt 6:12 (ὡς καί as Mk 7:37 v.l.; TestDan 3:1 v.l.; the parallel Lk 11:4 has γάρ). AcPlCor 1:6 ὡς οὖν ὁ κύριος ἠλέησεν ἡμᾶς inasmuch as the Lord has shown us mercy (by permitting us). So, more oft., καθώς (q.v. 3).
    γ. ὡς before the predicate acc. or nom. w. certain verbs functions pleonastically and further contributes to the aspect of perspective ὡς προφήτην ἔχουσιν τὸν Ἰωάννην Mt 21:26. Cp. Lk 16:1. λογίζεσθαί τινα ὡς foll. by acc. look upon someone as 1 Cor 4:1; 2 Cor 10:2 (for this pass. s. also c below). Cp. 2 Th 3:15ab; Phil 2:7; Js 2:9.
    ⓑ w. focus on a conclusion existing only in someone’s imagination or based solely on someone’s assertion (PsSol 8:30; Jos., Bell. 3, 346; Just., A I, 27, 5; Mel., P. 58, 422) προσηνέγκατέ μοι τὸν ἄνθρωπον τοῦτον ὡς ἀποστρέφοντα τὸν λαόν, καὶ ἰδοὺ … you have brought this fellow before me as one who (as you claim) is misleading the people, and now … Lk 23:14. τί καυχᾶσαι ὡς μὴ λαβών; why do you boast, as though you (as you think) had not received? 1 Cor 4:7. Cp. Ac 3:12; 23:15, 20; 27:30. ὡς μὴ ἐρχομένου μου as though I were not coming (acc. to their mistaken idea) 1 Cor 4:18. ὡς μελλούσης τῆς πόλεως αἴρεσθαι assuming that the city was being destroyed AcPl Ha 5, 16.
    ⓒ w. focus on what is objectively false or erroneous ἐπιστολὴ ὡς διʼ ἡμῶν a letter (falsely) alleged to be from us 2 Th 2:2a (Diod S 33, 5, 5 ἔπεμψαν ὡς παρὰ τῶν πρεσβευτῶν ἐπιστολήν they sent a letter which purported to come from the emissaries; Diog. L. 10:3 falsified ἐπιστολαὶ ὡς Ἐπικούρου; Just., A, II, 5, 5 ὡς ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ σπορᾷ γενομένους υἱούς). τοὺς λογιζομένους ἡμᾶς ὡς κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦντας 2 Cor 10:2 (s. also aγ above). Cp. 11:17; 13:7. Israel wishes to become righteous οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐξ ἔργων not through faith but through deeds (the latter way being objectively wrong) Ro 9:32 (Rdm.2 26f). ὡς ἐκ παραδόσεως ἀγράφου εἰς αὐτὸν ἥκοντα (other matters he recounts) as having reached him through unwritten tradition (Eus. about Papias) Papias (2:11).
    ④ conj., marker of result in connection with indication of purpose=ὥστε so that (Trag., Hdt.+, though nearly always w. the inf.; so also POxy 1040, 11; PFlor 370, 10; Wsd 5:12; TestJob 39:7; ApcMos 38; Jos., Ant. 12, 229; Just., A I, 56, 2; Tat. 12, 2. W. the indic. X., Cyr. 5, 4, 11 οὕτω μοι ἐβοήθησας ὡς σέσῳσμαι; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 8, 7 p. 324, 25f; Jos., Bell. 3, 343; Ath. 15, 3; 22, 2) Hb 3:11; 4:3 (both Ps 94:11). ὡς αὐτὸν καθόλου τὸ φῶς μὴ βλέπειν Papias (3:2) (s. φῶς 1a). ὡς πάντας ἄχθεσθαι (s. ἄχθομαι) AcPl Ha 4, 14. ὡς πάντας … ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι 6, 31 al.
    ⑤ marker of discourse content, that, the fact that after verbs of knowing, saying (even introducing direct discourse: Maximus Tyr. 5:4f), hearing, etc.=ὅτι that (X., An. 1, 3, 5; Menand., Sam. 590 S. [245 Kö.]; Aeneas Tact. 402; 1342; PTebt 10, 6 [119 B.C.]; 1 Km 13:11; EpArist; Philo, Op. M. 9; Jos., Ant. 7, 39; 9, 162; 15, 249 al.; Just., A I, 60, 2; Tat. 39, 2; 41, 1; Ath. 30, 4.—ORiemann, RevPhilol n.s. 6, 1882, 73–75; HKallenberg, RhM n.s. 68, 1913, 465–76; B-D-F §396) ἀναγινώσκειν Mk 12:26 v.l. (for πῶς); Lk 6:4 (w. πῶς as v.l.). μνησθῆναι Lk 24:6 (D ὅσα); cp. 22:61 (=Lat. quomodo, as in ms. c of the Old Itala; cp. Plautus, Poen. 3, 1, 54–56). ἐπίστασθαι (Jos., Ant. 7, 372) Ac 10:28; 20:18b v.l. (for πῶς). εἰδέναι (MAI 37, 1912, 183 [= Kl. T. 110, 81, 10] ἴστε ὡς [131/132 A.D.]) 1 Th 2:11a. μάρτυς ὡς Ro 1:9; Phil 1:8; 1 Th 2:10.—ὡς ὅτι s. ὅτι 5b.
    ⑥ w. numerals, a degree that approximates a point on a scale of extent, about, approximately, nearly (Hdt., Thu. et al.; PAmh 72, 12; PTebt 381, 4 [VSchuman, ClW 28, ’34/35, 95f: pap]; Jos., Ant. 6, 95; Ruth 1:4; 1 Km 14:2; TestJob 31:2; JosAs 1:6) ὡς δισχίλιοι Mk 5:13. Cp. 8:9; Lk 1:56; 8:42; J 1:39; 4:6; 6:10, 19; 19:14, 39; 21:8; Ac 4:4; 5:7, 36; 13:18, 20; 27:37 v.l. (Hemer, Acts 149 n. 140); Rv 8:1.
    ⑦ a relatively high point on a scale involving exclamation, how! (X., Cyr. 1, 3, 2 ὦ μῆτερ, ὡς καλός μοι ὁ πάππος! Himerius, Or. 54 [=Or. 15], 1 ὡς ἡδύ μοι τὸ θέατρον=how pleasant … ! Ps 8:2; 72:1; TestJob 7:12) ὡς ὡραῖοι οἱ πόδες τῶν εὐαγγελιζομένων ἀγαθά Ro 10:15 (cp. Is 52:7). Cp. 11:33. ὡς μεγάλη μοι ἡ σήμερον ἡμέρα GJs 19:2.
    ⑧ temporal conjunction (B-D-F §455, 2; 3; Harnack, SBBerlAk 1908, 392).
    ⓐ w. the aor. when, after (Hom., Hdt. et al.; Diod S 14, 80, 1; pap [POxy 1489, 4 al.]; LXX; TestAbr B 3 p. 107, 6 [Stone p. 62]; JosAs 3:2; ParJer 3:1; ApcMos 22; Jos., Bell. 1, 445b; Just., D. 2, 4; 3, 1) ὡς ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι Lk 1:23. ὡς ἐγεύσατο ὁ ἀρχιτρίκλινος J 2:9.—Lk 1:41, 44; 2:15, 39; 4:25; 5:4; 7:12; 15:25; 19:5; 22:66; 23:26; J 4:1, 40; 6:12, 16; 7:10; 11:6, 20, 29, 32f; 18:6; 19:33; 21:9; Ac 5:24; 10:7, 25; 13:29; 14:5; 16:10, 15; 17:13; 18:5; 19:21; 21:1, 12; 22:25; 27:1, 27; 28:4. AcPl Ha 3, 20.
    ⓑ w. pres. or impf. while, when, as long as (Menand., Fgm. 538, 2 K. ὡς ὁδοιπορεῖς; Cyrill. Scyth. [VI A.D.] ed. ESchwartz ’39 p. 143, 1; 207, 22 ὡς ἔτι εἰμί=as long as I live) ὡς ὑπάγεις μετὰ τοῦ ἀντιδίκου σου while you are going with your opponent Lk 12:58. ὡς ἐλάλει ἡμῖν, ὡς διήνοιγεν ἡμῖν τὰς γραφάς while he was talking, while he was opening the scriptures to us 24:32.—J 2:23; 8:7; 12:35f ( as long as; cp. ἕως 2a); Ac 1:10; 7:23; 9:23; 10:17; 13:25; 19:9; 21:27; 25:14; Gal 6:10 ( as long as); 2 Cl 8:1; 9:7; IRo 2:2; ISm 9:1 (all four as long as).—ὡς w. impf., and in the next clause the aor. ind. w. the same subject (Diod S 15, 45, 4 ὡς ἐθεώρουν …, συνεστήσαντο ‘when [or ‘as soon as’] they noticed …, they put together [a fleet]’; SIG 1169, 58 ὡς ἐνεκάθευδε, εἶδε ‘while he was sleeping [or ‘when he went to sleep’] [in the temple] he saw [a dream or vision]’) Mt 28:9 v.l.; J 20:11; Ac 8:36; 16:4; 22:11.— Since (Soph., Oed. R. 115; Thu. 4, 90, 3) ὡς τοῦτο γέγονεν Mk 9:21.
    ⓒ ὡς ἄν or ὡς ἐάν w. subjunctive of the time of an event in the future when, as soon as.
    α. ὡς ἄν (Hyperid. 2, 43, 4; Herodas 5, 50; Lucian, Cronosolon 11; PHib 59, 1 [c. 245 B.C.] ὡς ἂν λάβῃς; UPZ 71, 18 [152 B.C.]; PTebt 26, 2. Cp. Witkowski 87; Gen 12:12; Josh 2:14; Is 8:21; Da 3:15 Theod.; Ath. 31, 3 [ἐάν Schwartz]) Ro 15:24; 1 Cor 11:34; Phil 2:23.
    β. ὡς ἐάν (PFay 111, 16 [95/96 A.D.] ὡς ἐὰν βλέπῃς) 1 Cl 12:5f; Hv 3, 8, 9; 3, 13, 2.
    ⓓ w. the superlative ὡς τάχιστα (a bookish usage; s. B-D-F §244, 1; Rob. 669) as quickly as possible Ac 17:15 (s. ταχέως 1c).
    ⑨ a final particle, expressing intention/purpose, with a view to, in order to
    ⓐ w. subjunctive (Hom.+; TestAbr A 4 p. 80, 33 [Stone p. 8]; SibOr 3, 130; Synes., Hymni 3, 44 [NTerzaghi ’39]) ὡς τελειώσω in order that I might finish Ac 20:24 v.l. (s. Mlt. 249).
    ⓑ w. inf. (X.; Arrian [very oft.: ABoehner, De Arriani dicendi genere, diss. Erlangen 1885 p. 56]; PGen 28, 12 [II A.D.]; ZPE 8, ’71, 177: letter of M. Ant. 57, cp. 44–46; 3 Macc 1:2; Joseph.; cp. the use of the opt. Just., D. 2, 3) Lk 9:52. ὡς τελειῶσαι Ac 20:24. ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν Hb 7:9 (s. ἔπος).
    ⓒ used w. prepositions to indicate the direction intended (Soph., Thu., X. [Kühner-G. I 472 note 1]; Polyb. 1, 29, 1; LRadermacher, Philol 60, 1901, 495f) πορεύεσθαι ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν Ac 17:14 v.l.—WStählin, Symbolon, ’58, 99–104. S. also ὡσάν, ὡσαύτως, ὡσεί 2, ὥσπερ b, ὡσπερεί, ὥστε 2b. DELG. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ὡς

  • 4 μήποτε

    μήποτε (Hom.+. On separating it μή ποτε s. KLipsius, Gramm. Unters. über die bibl. Gräzität 1863, 129f).
    ① a marker of indefinite negated point of time, never w. the indicative (freq. in H. Gk.) ἐπεὶ μήποτε ἰσχύει since it is never in force Hb 9:17 (v.l. μὴ τότε; s. B-D-F §428, 5).
    ② marker of negated purpose, that … not, conj. freq. used as an emphatic form of μή
    ⓐ after verbs of fearing, being concerned, etc. that … not, lest (Diod S 11, 20, 2 and ApcMos 16:18, 21 φοβεῖσθαι μήποτε)
    α. w. aor. subj. προσέχετε ἑαυτοῖς μ. βαρηθῶσιν αἱ καρδίαι ὑμῶν take care that … not … Lk 21:34 (cp. Sir 11:33). βλέπε μ. ἀναβῇ Hs 5, 7, 2.
    β. w. pres. subj. Hb 4:1 (JosAs 12:10 μ. ἁρπάζῃ με ὡς λύκος).
    γ. w. fut. ind. (En 106:6) Hb 3:12.
    ⓑ denoting purpose, (in order) that … not, oft. expressing apprehension:
    α. w. aor. subj. (Diod S 15, 20, 1; Gen 38:23; 2 Esdr 4:22; SSol 1:7) Mt 4:6 (Ps 90:12); 5:25; 13:15 (Is 6:10), 29; 15:32; 27:64; Mk 4:12 (Is 6:10); Lk 4:11 (Ps 90:12); 14:12; Ac 5:39; 16:39 D; 20:16 D; 28:27 (Is 6:10); Hb 2:1; Hm 10, 2, 5; Hs 9, 28, 7; AcPl Ha 1, 21. After ἵνα Lk 14:29.
    β. w. pres. subj. 12:58; 14:8.
    γ. w. fut. ind. Mt 7:6; Mk 14:2; but the rdg. varies in both pass.; 19:7.
    δ. in a double negation μήποτε οὐ μὴ φοβηθήσονται lest they cease to fear D 4:10.
    ③ marker of inquiry, whether perhaps.
    ⓐ in a direct quest. (Judg 3:24; Tob 10:2; EpArist 15) μήποτε ἀληθῶς ἔγνωσαν οἱ ἄρχοντες; can it be that the authorities have really come to know? J 7:26.
    ⓑ in indirect quest.
    α. w. opt. (Jos., Bell. 1, 609) μ. αὐτὸς εἴη ὁ Χριστός whether perhaps he himself was the Messiah Lk 3:15.
    β. w. subj. μ. δώῃ (s. δίδωμι, beg.) αὐτοῖς ὁ θεὸς μετάνοιαν (seeing) whether God may perhaps grant them repentance 2 Ti 2:25.
    γ. w. the aor. ind., when the content of the question refers to the past (Arrian, Anab. 7, 24, 3 ‘whether perhaps’, with an indirect question referring to the past) GPt 5:15 (s. also ἀγωνιάω).
    ④ Somet. the negation is weakened to such a degree that μήποτε introduces someth. conjectured probably, perhaps (Aristot., EN 10, 1; 10; M. Ant. 4, 24; Job 1:5; Sir 19:13f; Philo, Sacr. Abel. 72, Det. Pot. Ins. 168) μήποτε οὐκ ἀρκέσῃ Mt 25:9 v.l. perhaps there might not be enough (s. PJoüon, RSR 15, 1925, 438; Mayser II/2, p. 548). The tone is sharper in the wording of the text μήποτε οὐ μὴ ἀρκέσῃ certainly there would never be enough.—M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μήποτε

  • 5 ὅτε

    ὅτε, also Cypr., Inscr.Cypr.135.1 H., [dialect] Dor. [full] ὅκα, [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὄτα (qq. v.), Relat. Adv., formed from the Relat. stem ὁ- and τε (v. τε B), answering to demonstr. τότε and interrog. πότε; prop. of Time, but sts. passing into a causal sense (cf. ὁπότε).
    A of Time, when, at the time when,
    I Constr.:
    1 with ind. to denote single events or actions in past time, with [tense] impf. or [tense] aor., when, Il.1.397, 432, etc.: rarely with [tense] plpf., 5.392: the Verb is sts. to be repeated from the apodosis, Καλλίξενος δὲ κατελθών, ὅ. καὶ οἱ ἐκ Πειραιῶς (sc. κατῆλθον) X.HG1.7.35: freq. in ellipt. phrases, πῇ ἔβαν εὐχωλαί, ὅ. δὴ φάμεν εἶναι ἄριστοι; whither are gone the boasts, [which we made] when we said.. ? Il.8.229: so after Verbs of perception and the like , ἦ οὐ μέμνῃ, ὅ. τ' ἐκρέμω .. ; rememberest thou not [the time] when.. ? 15.18, cf. 21.396, Od.24.115, Ar.V. 354, Th.2.21, etc.; ἄκουσα εὐχομένης ὅτ' ἔφησθα .. Il.1.397, cf. Pl.Lg. 782c;

    οὐδ' ἔλαθ' Αἴαντα Ζεύς, ὅ. δὴ Τρώεσσι δίδου.. νίκην Il.17.627

    .
    b with [tense] pres., of a thing always happening or now going on, 2.471;

    νῦν, ὅ... σοι ὀξέως ὑπακούω X.Cyr.2.4.6

    ;

    ᾔδεα μὲν γὰρ ὅ... Δαναοῖσιν ἄμυνεν, οἶδα δὲ νῦν ὅ. τοὺς.. κυδάνει Il.14.71

    .
    c rarely with [tense] fut., of a definite future, Od.18.272.
    2 with opt., to denote repeated events or actions in past time, ἔνθα πάρος κοιμᾶθ', ὅ. μιν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἱκάνοι whenever, as often as, Il.1.610, cf. Od.8.87, etc.;

    ὅ. δή Il.3.216

    .
    b sts. of future events which are represented as uncertain, in clauses dependent on a Verb in the opt. or subj.,

    οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃ κίθαρις.., ὅτ' ἐν κονίῃσι μιγείης 3.55

    , cf. 18.465, 21.429, A.Eu. 726.
    c ὅ. μή, in early authors always with opt., for εἰ μή, unless, except, save when, Il.13.319, Od.16.197, Arist.Pol. 1277a24: used by A.R. with subj., 1.245, 4.409.
    3 with subj., only in [dialect] Ep. and Lyr., Il.4.259, 19.337, 21.323, etc., prob. in A.Ag. 766(lyr.).
    II Special usages:
    1 in Hom. to introduce a simile, ὡς δ' ὅτε as when, mostly with subj., Il. 2.147, 4.130, 141, 6.506, al.: sts. with ind., 16.364, 21.12: the Verb must freq. be supplied from the context, as in 2.394, 4.462.
    2 in the [dialect] Ep. phrase πρίν γ' ὅτε δή.., ἤ is omitted before ὅτε, 9.488, 12.437, cf. Od.13.322.
    III ὅτε with other Particles,
    1 ὅτ' ἄν, ὅτε κεν, v. ὅταν.
    2 ὅτε δή and ὅτε δή ῥα, stronger than ὅτε, freq. in Hom. and Hes.,

    ὅτε δή Il.5.65

    , al., Hes.Th. 280, al.;

    ὅτε δή ῥα Il.4.446

    , al., Hes. Th.58,al.; v. infr. IV. I; so

    ὅτ' ἄρ' Il.10.540

    .
    3 ὅτε τε (where τε is otiose, v. τε B. I) 2.471, 10.83, etc.
    4 ὅτε περ even when, 5.802, 14.319, al., Hdt.5.99, Th.1.8, etc.;

    ὅτε πέρ τε Il.4.259

    , 10.7.
    IV the proper correl. Adv. is τότε, as ὅ. δὴ.., τότε δὴ .. 10.365;

    ὅ. δή ῥ'.., δὴ τότε 23.721

    ; ὅ. δὴ.., καὶ τότε δὴ .. 22.208;

    ὅ. δή ῥα.., καὶ τότ' ἄρ' 24.31

    : for τότε we sts. have ἔπειτα, 3.221; αὐτίκα δ', 4.210; δὲ .., 5.438; also νῦν.., ὅ ... S.Aj. 710 (lyr.), etc.; μεθύστερον, ὅ... Id.Tr. 711; ἤματι τῷ, ὅ ... Il.2.743, etc.; so in [dialect] Att., ἦν ποτε χρόνος, ὅ ... Pl.Prt. 320c, cf. Phd. 75a, Hdt.1.160.
    2 elliptical in the phrase ἔστιν ὅ. or ἔσθ' ὅ., there are times when, sometimes, now and then, ἔστι ὅ. Id.2.120; ἔστιν ὅ. Pl.Phd. 62a; ἔσθ' ὅ. S.Aj.56 (v. infr. c).
    B ὅτε sts. has a causal sense, when, seeing that, mostly with [tense] pres. ind., Il.16.433 (v.l. ὅ τε)

    ὅ. δή 20.29

    ; and in Trag. and [dialect] Att. Prose, as S.Aj. 1095, OT 918, Pl.Smp. 206b, R. 581e, Prt. 356c, Sph. 254b, etc.; so

    ὅ. γε Hdt.5.92

    .ά: with [tense] pf. used as [tense] pres., S.Ph. 428, Ar.Nu. 34.
    2 sts. where ὥστε would be more usual,

    οὕτω.. πόρρω κλέος ἥκει, ὅ. καὶ βασιλεὺς ἠρώτησεν Id.Ach. 647

    .
    C [full] ὁτέ Indef. Adv., sometimes, now and then, used like ποτέ at the beginning of each of two corresponding clauses, now.., now.., sometimes.., sometimes.. (not in early Prose, ὁτὲ μὲν.., ὁτὲ δὲ .. Arist. Pol. 1290a4, al.), ὁτὲ μὲν.., ἄλλοτε .. Il.20.49sq.; ὁτὲ μὲν.., ἄλλοτε δ' αὖ .. 18.599 sq.; ὁτὲ μέν τε.., ἄλλοτε δὲ .. 11.64; ὁτὲ μὲν.., ὁτὲ δ' αὖτε .. A.R.1.1270; ὁτὲ μέν τε.., ὅτ' αὖ .. Id.3.1300; ὁτὲ μὲν.., ποτὲ δὲ .. Plb.6.20.8; ὁτὲ μὲν.., ὁτὲ δὲ.., καὶ ἄλλοτε .. D.L.2.106; ὁτὲ μὲν.., πάλιν δὲ .. Arist.EN 1100a28; ἐνίοτε μὲν.., ὁτὲ δὲ .. Id.Mete. 360b3; ὁτὲ μὲν.., ἢ .. Id.Po. 1448a21 (s. v.l.): also reversely, ἄλλοτε μὲν.., ὁτὲ δὲ .. Il.11.568; also ὁτὲ δέ in the second clause, without any correlative in the first, 17.178; S. joins

    ἔσθ' ὅτε.., ὅτ' ἄλλοτ' ἄλλον Aj.56

    ; ὁτὲ δέ alone, at the beginning of a clause, X.Cyn.5.8 and 20, 9.8 and 20. ====
    ------------------------------------
    ὅτε, neut. of ὅστε: also [dialect] Ion. masc. for ὅστε,
    A v. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὅτε

  • 6 ὅπως

    ὅπως, [dialect] Ep. also and [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὅππως, [dialect] Ion. [full] ὅκως, [dialect] Dor. [full] ὁπῶς acc. to A.D.Adv.173.11: correlat. to ὡς and πῶς.
    A ADV. OF MANNER, Relat. as, in such manner as, and with interrog. force how, in what manner, rarely indef., v. infr. A. V.
    B FINAL CONJUNCTION, in such a manner that, in order that.
    A ADV. OF MANNER, how, as:
    I Relat. to ὥς or οὕτως (like ὡς), in such manner as, as:
    1 with the ordinary Constr. of the Relat.:
    a with ind.,

    ἦ τοι νόστον, ὅπως φρεσὶ σῇσι μενοινᾷς, ὥς τοι Ζεὺς τελέσειεν Od.15.111

     ;

    οὕτως ὅ... S.Tr. 330

     ;

    ὧδ' ὅ. Id.El. 1301

     ;

    οὕτως ὅ. δύνανται Th.7.67

    : sts. an analogous word replaces the antec. Adv., με τοῖον ἔθηκεν, ὅπως (for οἷον)

    ἐθέλει Od.16.208

     : freq. without any antec. expressed, ἔλθοι ὅ... ἐθέλω (sc. αὐτὸν ἐλθεῖν) 14.172 ;

    ἔρξον ὅ. ἐθέλεις Il.4.37

    , Od.13.145 ;

    χρῶ ὅ. βούλει X.Cyr.8.3.46

    ; ποίει ὅ. ἄριστόν σοι δοκεῖ εἶναι ib.4.5.50 ; ὅ. ἔχω as I am, on the spot, S. Ph. 819.
    b with [tense] fut. ind., esp. after Verbs of seeing, providing, taking care.., in the manner in which, how, that,

    οἱ Περσικοὶ νόμοι ἐπιμέλονται ὅπως μὴ τοιοῦτοι ἔσονται οἱ πολῖται X.Cyr.1.2.3

    ;

    ποιέειν ὅκως μηκέτι κεῖνος ἐς Ἕλληνας ἀπίξεται Hdt.5.23

     ;

    ἐφρόντιζον ὅκως μὴ λείψομαι τῶν πρότερον γενομένων Id.7.8

    .ά, cf. Pl.Ap. 29e ;

    ἔπρασσον ὅπως τις βοήθεια ἥξει Th.3.4

     ;

    τοῦτο μηχανᾶσθαι ὅπως ἀποφεύξεται πᾶν ποιῶν θάνατον Pl.Ap. 39a

     ;

    τούτου στοχαζόμενοι, ὅπως.. ἔσονται Id.Grg. 502e

     (cf. infr.111.1 b, etc.): this [tense] fut. ind. may become opt. after a historical tense,

    ἐπεμελεῖτο ὅπως μήτε ἄσιτοι μήτε ἄποτοί ποτε ἔσοιντο X.Cyr.8.1.43

    , cf. HG7.5.3, Cyr.8.1.10, Oec.7.5, Ages.2.8 ; and ὅπως is freq. used interchangeably with such forms as δι' ὧν, ὅτῳ τρόπῳ, etc.,

    εἰσηγοῦνται μὴ δι' ὧν.. ἀσκήσουσιν, ἀλλ' ὅπως.. δόξουσι Isoc.1.4

    , cf. Th.6.11: this sense easily passes into a final sense, so that,

    τοῦτο ἀπόβαλε οὕτω ὅκως μηκέτι ἥξει Hdt.3.40

     ; οὕτω δ' (sc. ποίει)

    ὅπως μήτηρ σε μὴ 'πιγνώσεται S.El. 1296

    , cf. Ar.Ra. 905, X.Cyr.4.5.25, HG 2.4.17 ; v. infr. B.
    2 with ἄν ([dialect] Ep. κε ) and subj. in indefinite sentences, in whatever way, just as, however,

    ὅππως κεν ἐθέλῃσιν Il.20.243

     (but ὅπως ἐθέλῃσιν (without κε) Od.1.349, 6.189) ;

    οὕτως ὅκως ἂν καὶ δυνώμεθα Hdt.8.143

     ;

    οὕτως ὅπως ἂν αὐτοὶ βούλωνται X.Cyr.1.1.2

    , cf. IG22.1.13 (v B. C.), Pl.Phd. 116a, Smp. 174b, etc.
    b with opt. after historical tenses,

    οὕτως ὅ. τύχοιεν Th.8.95

     ;

    ὅ. βούλοιντο X.HG 2.3.13

     ; in a gnomic statement,

    εἰκῇ κράτιστον ζῆν ὅ. δύναιτό τις S. OT 979

     : when ἄν appears with the opt., it belongs to the Verb and not to ὅπως, ὅ. ἄν τις ὀνομάσαι τοῦτο however one might think fit to call it, D.13.4.
    3 a very common phrase is οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. ( οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅπως ) there is no way in which.., it cannot be that,

    οὐκ ἔστι ὅκως κοτὲ σοὺς δέξονται λόγους Hdt.7.102

    , cf. Ar.Pl.18, D.18.208, al.; so οὐκ ἔστιν ὅ. οὐ, fieri non potest quin,

    οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅ. οὐ πιστὸν ἐξ ὑμῶν πτερὸν ἐξήγαγ' S.OC97

    , cf. Ar.Ach. 116, Eq. 426, Th. 882, Pl.Ap. 27e ; οὐδαμῶς ὅ. οὐ, in answer, it must positively be so, Id.Tht. 160d ; so also

    οὐκ ἂν γένοιτο τοῦθ' ὅ... οὐ φανῶ S.OT 1058

     ; οὐ γὰρ γένοιτ' ἄν, ταῦθ' ὅ. οὐχ ὧδ' ἔχειν (anacoluth. for ἔχει or ἕξει) Id.Aj. 378 : so in questions, ἔσθ' ὅ... ἔλθωμεν; Ar.V. 471 (v.l. -οιμεν) ; ἔστιν οὖν ὅ. ὁ τοιοῦτος φιλοσοφήσει; Pl.R. 495a, cf. Phdr. 262b, Tht. 154c : so, besides ind. of all tenses, οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅ. may be folld. by opt. with

    ἄν, οὐ γάρ ἐσθ' ὅπως μί' ἡμέρα γένοιτ' ἂν ἡμέραι δύο Ar.Nu. 1181

    , cf. V. 212, Isoc.12.156, Pl.La. 184c: by ind. with

    ἄν, οὐκ ἔστιν ὅπως ἂν.. κατέστησαν Isoc. 15.206

    , cf. D.33.28 : ἄν is omitted in

    οὐκ ἔσθ' ὅπως λέξαιμι A.Ag. 620

    , cf. E.Alc.52, Ar.V. 471 (v.l. ἔλθωμεν).
    4 in Trag., etc., like ὡς in comparisons,

    κῦμ' ὅπως A.Pr. 1001

     ;

    γῄτης ὅπως S.Tr.32

    , cf. 442, 683 ;

    ὅπως δρῦν ὑλοτόμοι σχίζουσι κάρα Id.El.98

     (anap.) ; ὅπως ἁ πάνδυρτος ἀηδών ib. 1076 (lyr.), cf. Ph. 777, E.Andr. 1140 ;

    ὅκως τις καλλίης κάτω κύπτων Herod.3.41

     ; so in [dialect] Locr. Prose,

    ὅπω (ς) ξένον IG9(1).334.2

     (V B.C.).
    5 like ὡς or ὅτι, with [comp] Sup. of Advs.,

    ὅ. ἄριστα A.Ag. 600

    , IG12.44.8, etc.; ὅ. ἀνωτάτω as high up as possible, Ar. Pax 207 ; in full, οὕτως ὅ. ἥδιστα (sc. ἔχει) S.Tr. 330.
    6 with a gen. added, σοῦσθε ὅ. ποδῶν run as you are off for feet, i. e. as quick as you can, A.Supp. 837 (lyr., where however < ἔχετε> shd. prob. be added); v. infr. 111.10, ἔχω (A) B. 11.2b.
    7 sts. of Time, when,

    Τρῶες.. ὅπως ἴδον αἷμ' Ὀδυσῆος.., ἐπ' αὐτῷ πάντες ἔβησαν Il.11.459

    , cf. 12.208, Od.3.373: freq. in Hdt. with opt., whenever,

    ὅκως μὲν εἴη ἐν τῇ γῇ καρπὸς ἁδρός 1.17

    , cf. 68, 100, 162, 186, 2.13, 174, al.: in Trag. and Com., A.Pers. 198, S.El. 749, Tr. 765, Ar.Nu. 60 : with [comp] Sup. of Advs.,

    ὅ. πρῶτα

     as soon as,

    Hes.Th. 156

     ;

    ὅ. ὤκιστα Thgn.427

     ;

    ὅ. τάχιστα A.Pr. 230

    .
    8 of Place, where, dub. in Herod.3.75.
    II ὅπως is sts. used to introduce the substance of a statement, after Verbs of saying, thinking, or perceiving, that, how,

    λόγῳ ἀνάπεισον ὅκως.. Hdt.1.37

     ;

    οὐδὲ φήσω ὅκως.. Id.2.49

    , cf. 3.115, 116 ;

    τοῦτ' αὐτὸ μή μοι φράζ', ὅπως οὐκ εἶ κακός S.OT 548

    , cf. Ant. 223, Pl.Euthd. 296e ; after ἐλπίζειν, S.El. 963, E.Heracl. 1051 ; after Verbs of emotion, ἐμοὶ δ' ἄχος.., ὅπως δὴ δηρὸν ἀποίχεται grief is mine, when I think how.. (i. e. that..), Od.4.109, cf. S.Ph. 169 (lyr.); after θαυμάζω freq. in [dialect] Att.,

    θαυμάζω ὅ. ποτὲ ἐπείσθησαν Ἀθηναῖοι X.Mem.1.1.20

    , cf. Pl.Cri. 43a.
    2 οὐχ ὅ... ἀλλὰ or ἀλλὰ καὶ.. is not only not.. but.., and is expld. by an ellipsis of λέγω or ἐρῶ (cf. ὅτι IV), οὐχ ὅ. κωλυταὶ.. γενήσεσθε, ἀλλὰ καὶ.. δύναμιν προσλαβεῖν περιόψεσθε not only will you not become.., but you will also.., Th.1.35, cf. X.HG5.4.34, D.6.9 ;

    οὐχ ὅ. ὑμῖν τῶν αὑτοῦ τι ἐπέδωκεν, ἀλλὰ τῶν ὑμετέρων πολλὰ ὑφῄρηται Lys.30.26

     ;

    οὐχ ὅ. τούτων χάριν ἀπέδοσαν, ἀλλ' ἀπολιπόντες ὑμᾶς εἰς τὴν Λακεδαιμονίων συμμαχίαν εἰσῆλθον Isoc.14.27

    , cf. D.18.131, 53.13 ;

    οὐ γὰρ ὅπως.., ἀλλὰ καὶ.. Id.21.11

     ;

    οὔκουν ὅπως.., ἀλλὰ.. X.Cyr.8.2.12

     ; also

    οὐχ ὅ..., ἀλλ' οὐδέ.., οὐχ ὅ. ἀδικοῦντες, ἀλλ' οὐδ' ἐπιδημοῦντες ἐφυγαδευόμεθα Id.HG2.4.14

     ;

    οὐχ ὅ. τῆς κοινῆς ἐλευθερίας μετέχομεν, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ δουλείας μετρίας τυχεῖν ἠξιώθημεν Isoc.14.5

     ;

    διμοιρίαν λαμβάνων ἐν ταῖς θοίναις οὐχ ὅπως ἀμφοτέραις ἐχρῆτο, ἀλλὰ διαπέμπων οὐδετέραν αὑτῷ κατέλειπε X.Ages.5.1

     ;

    οὐχ ὅ. ζημιοῦν, ἀλλὰ μηδ' ἀτιμάζειν.. Th.3.42

     : so sts. μὴ ὅ. (where an imper. must be supplied), μὴ ὅ. ὀρχεῖσθαι ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ὀρθοῦσθαι ἐδύνασθε do not think that you could dance = so far from being able to dance, X.Cyr.1.3.10.
    b οὐχ ὅ. rarely follows another clause, to say nothing of.., let alone..,

    πεπαύμεθ' ἡμεῖς, οὐχ ὅ. σε παύσομεν S.El. 796

     ; μηδ' ἐμπίδα, οὐχ ὅπως ταῦρον ἔτι ἄρασθαι δυνάμενος.. let alone a bull, Luc.Cont.8, cf. Prom.8, Pr.Im.7, Pisc. 31.
    III in in direct questions, how, in what way or manner:
    1 with ind.,
    a

    ἔσπετε νῦν μοι ὅππως δὴ.. πῦρ ἔμπεσε νηυσίν Il.16.113

     ;

    εἴπ' ἄγε μ'.. ὅππως τούσδ' ἵππους λάβετον 10.545

     ;

    εὖ μοι κατάλεξον ὅπως ἤντησας Od.3.97

     ;

    ὅπως ἠφανίσθη οὐδὲ λόγῳ εἰκότι δύνανται ἀποφαίνειν Antipho 5.26

     ;

    Ἀλκιβιάδης ἀνήχθη.. ἐπὶ κατασκοπὴν.. τοῦ οἴκαδε κατάπλου ὅπως ἡ πόλις πρὸς αὐτὸν ἔχοι X.HG1.4.11

     ;

    οὐδέ τί πω σάφα ἴδμεν ὅπως ἔσται τάδε ἔργα Il.2.252

    , etc.
    2 with deliberative subj. after Verbs of deliberation, taking care, and the like ,

    λεύσσει ὅπως ὄχ' ἄριστα.. γένηται Il.3.110

     ; ἐνόησεν (gnomic [tense] aor.)

    ὅππως κέρδος ἔῃ 10.225

     ;

    ἀλλ' ἄγεθ' ἡμεῖς οἵδε περιφραζώμεθα πάντες νόστον ὅπως ἔλθῃσι Od.1.77

    , cf. 13.365 ;

    οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως.. φῶ S.OT 1367

    , cf. Aj. 428, Lys.8.5, Pl.Men. 91d ;

    ἐπιμελητέον ὅπως τρέφωνται οἱ ἵπποι X.Eq.Mag.1.3

    , cf. Oec.7.36,37,9.14, 15.1, Pl.Grg. 515c.—Sts. the [tense] fut. and subj. are conjoined without difference of meaning,

    ἐπράττετο γὰρ.., πρῶτον μὲν ὅπως μὴ περιμείνητε.., δεύτερον δὲ ὅπως ψηφιε̄σθε.., τρίτον δὲ ὅπως μὴ ἔσται Aeschin.3.65

    , cf. X. Ages.7.7, Mem.2.2.10.—On ὅπως ἄν (κεν), v. infr. 5.
    3 with opt. after tenses of past time, τῶν ἀδῄλων ὅπως ἀποβήσοιτο ib.1.3.2, etc.: after Verbs of deliberation, being virtually orat. obliq., μερμήριξε.. Ἥρη ὅπως ἐξαπάφοιτο (orat. rect. πῶς ἐξαπάφωμαι;) Il.14.160 ;

    μερμήριζεν ὅπως ἀπολοίατο πᾶσαι νῆες Od.9.554

    , cf. 420 ;

    οὐ γὰρ εἴχομεν.. ὅπως δρῶντες καλῶς πράξαιμεν S.Ant. 271

     ;

    ἐπεμελήθημεν ὅπως ἐξαλειφθείη αὐτῷ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα Lys.6.39

    , cf. 13.32, X.Cyr.6.2.11.
    4 with opt. and ἄν freq. expressing a wish, which in orat. rect. would be expressed by

    πῶς ἄν, σκόπει ὅ. ἂν ἀποθάνοιμεν ἀνδρικώτατα Ar.Eq.81

     (v.l. ἀποθάνωμεν), cf. Nu. 760 ;

    βουλευόμενοι ὅ. ἂν τὴν ἡγεμονίαν λάβοιεν τῆς Ἑλλάδος X.HG7.1.33

    , cf. Cyr.2.1.4 ; τῶν ἄλλων ἐπιμελεῖται ὅ. ἂν θηρῷεν (v.l. -ῶσιν) ib.1.2.10: the opt. with ἄν and subj. sts. appear in consecutive clauses, Id.HG3.2.1.
    5 ὅπως ἄν (κεν) with the subj. is used after imper. or inf. used as imper.,

    πείρα ὅπως κεν δὴ σὴν πατρίδα γαῖαν ἵκηαι Od.4.545

    ;

    φράζεσθαι.., ὅππως κε μνηστῆρας.. κτείνῃς 1.295

    ;

    σκοπεῖτε.., ὅ. ἂν ὑμῖν πρᾶγος εὖ νικᾷ τόδε A.Supp. 233

    , etc.;

    φύλασσε.. ἔπειθ' ὅ. ἂν.. ἡ χάρις.. ἐξ ἁπλῆς διπλῆ φανῇ S.Tr. 618

    , cf. E.IA 539 : in Prose,

    ἐπιμεληθῆναι ὅ. ἂν.. X.Cyr.8.3.6

    , cf. Pl.Prt. 326a;

    μηχανᾶσθαι Id.Phdr. 239b

    , Grg. 481a, cf. Ar.Eq. 917.
    6 rarely c. inf.,

    ἐπιμελήθητε προθύμως ὅπως διπλάσια.. σῖτα καὶ ποτὰ παρασκευασθῆναι X.Cyr.4.2.37

     (v.l. -εσκευασμένα ᾖ), cf. Oec.7.29, HG6.2.32; so later ὅπως παρακολουθῆμεν ([dialect] Dor. inf.) Supp.Epigr.1.170.18 (cf. p.138, Delph., ii B. C.); ὅπως.. ἔχειν, ὅπως.. εἴργεσθαι, D.S.20.4,85;

    ὅπως πέμπιν PTeb.315.30

     (ii A. D.).
    7 after Verbs of fear and caution, ὅπως and ὅπως μή are used with [tense] fut. ind. or [tense] aor. subj. :— the readings are freq. uncertain: the following (among others) are made certain either by the metre or the form,
    a with [tense] fut. ind.,

    δέδοιχ' ὅπως μὴ τεύξομαι Ar.Eq. 112

     ;

    παντὶ λόγῳ ἀντιτείνετε εὐλαβούμενοι ὅπως μὴ.. οἰχήσομαι Pl.Phd. 91c

     ;

    φόβος.. ἔστιν.. ὅπως μὴ αὖθις διασχισθησόμεθα Id.Smp. 193a

     : sts. the preceding Verb is omitted,

    ὅπως μὴ οὐκ.. ἔσομαι Id.Men. 77a

    .
    b with [tense] aor. subj.,

    τὴν θεὸν δ' ὅ. λάθω δέδοικα E.IT 995

    ;

    φυλάττου, ὅ. μὴ εἰς τοὐναντίον ἔλθῃς X.Mem.3.6.16

     : rarely with [tense] pres.,

    οὐ φοβεῖ ὅ. μὴ ἀνόσιον πρᾶγμα τυγχάνῃς πράττων Pl.Euthphr.4e

     : sts. the preceding Verb is omitted, with [tense] aor. subj.,

    ὅκως μή τι ὑμῖν πανώλεθρον κακὸν ἐς τὴν χώρην ἐσβάλωσι Hdt.6.85

     : with [tense] pres. subj.,

    ὅπως μὴ.. ᾖ τοῦτο Pl.Cra. 430d

    .
    c with opt. representing subj. after a historical tense, X. Mem.2.9.3.
    8 this Constr. is used in admonitions or commands: in the orig. Constr. a Verb implying caution or circumspection precedes,

    ὅρα ὅκως μή σευ ἀποστήσονται Πέρσαι Hdt.3.36

     ;

    ἄθρει.. ὅπως μὴ ἐκδύσεται Ar.V. 141

    ; τηρώμεσθ' ὅπως μὴ.. αἰσθήσεται ib. 372 : but this came to be omitted, and ὅπως or ὅπως μή with [tense] fut. ind. or [tense] aor. subj. are exactly = the imper.,

    ἔμβα χὤπως ἀρεῖς Id.Ra. 378

     (lyr.): most freq. with [tense] fut. ind., ὅκως λόγον δώσεις τῶν μετεχείρισας χρημάτων, = δίδου λόγον, Hdt.3.142 ; ὅπως παρέσει μοι, = πάρισθι, Ar.Av. 131 ;

    ὅπως πετήσει Id. Pax77

    , cf. X.An.1.7.3, Lys.1.21, 12.50, Pl.Grg. 489a, etc.: rarely with I pers.,

    ὁποῖα κισσὸς δρυός, ὅπως τῆσδ' ἕξομαι E.Hec. 398

    , cf. Ar.Ec. 297 (lyr.): very rarely with [tense] aor. subj.,

    ὅπως μή τι ἡμᾶς σφήλῃ Pl.Euthd. 296a

     codd.;

    ὅπως μὴ.. ἐξαπατήσῃ Id.Prt. 313c

     ;

    ὅπως μὴ ποιήσητε D.4.20

     codd.—The codd. freq. vary, as between διδάξεις and

    - ξῃς Ar.Nu. 824

     ; τιμωρήσονται and

    - ωνται Th.1.56

    ; πράξομεν and - ωμεν ib.82 ; θορυβήσει and

    - σῃ D.13.14

    , etc.—Since the [tense] fut. is frequently, and the [tense] aor. (whether 1 or 2) rarely guaranteed by metre or form, the [tense] aor. 1 forms shd. prob. be rejected, both in signf. 7 and 8, in cases where codd. vary.
    9 as the echo to a preceding πῶς; in dialogue, A καὶ πῶς; B ὅπως; [do you ask] how? Ar. Eq. 128; A πῶς με χρὴ καλεῖν; B ὅπως; Id.Nu. 677, cf. Pl. 139.
    10 with a gen. (v. supr. 1.6),

    οὐκ οἶδα παιδείας ὅπως ἔχει καὶ δικαιοσύνης

     in the matter of..,

    Pl.Grg. 470e

    , cf. R. 389c.
    IV in direct questions, how? ἔπραξας ὅπως; Jul.Ep.82p.106B.-C.; cf. ὅστις.
    V indef., anyhow, τὸ οὐδ' ὅ. the expression 'not at all', Pl.Tht. 183b (v.l. οὐδ' οὕτως).
    B FINAL CONJUNCTION, that, in order that, the original notion of modality being merged in that of purpose or design, cf. ἵνα, with which it is sts. interchanged, Antipho 1.23 and 24, And.3.14, Lycurg. 119 sq.:—in early [dialect] Att. Inscrr. only ὅπως ἄν is used, IG12.39.19, al. ; ὅπως without ἄν only once in cent. iv B. C., ib.22.226.42 (343 B.C.), after which it becomes gradually prevalent:
    1 with subj.,
    a after primary tenses, or after subj. or imper.,

    τὸν δὲ μνηστῆρες.. λοχῶσιν, ὅπως ἀπὸ φῦλον ὄληται Od.14.181

    , cf. A.Ch. 873, S.Ph. 238, El. 457, X.Mem.2.10.2, etc.
    b after historical tenses (v.

    ἵνα B. 1.1b

    ), when there is no [tense] pf. form, or when the [tense] aor. represents the [tense] pf., ξυνελέγημεν ἐνθάδε, ὅ. προμελετήσωμεν we were convened, i. e. we have met in assembly, Ar.Ec. 117 ;

    παρήλθομεν.., ὅπως μὴ χεῖρον βουλεύσησθε Th.1.73

     ; also when the occurrence purposed is regarded from the point of view of the person purposing, ἦλθον πρεσβευσόμενοι, ὅπως μὴ σφίσι.. τὸ αὐτῶν [ναυτικὸν] ἐμπόδιον γένηται ib.31, cf. 57,65, etc.: sts. the opt. and subj. appear in consecutive clauses,

    φρυκτοὺς παρεσκευασμένους ἐς αὐτὸ τοῦτο, ὅπως ἀσαφῆ τὰ σημεῖα.. ᾖ καὶ μὴ βοηθοῖεν Id.3.22

    , cf. 6.96, 7.17.
    2 with opt. after historical tenses,

    πὰρ δέ οἱ αὐτὸς ἔστη, ὅπως.. κῆρας ἀλάλκοι Il.21.548

     ; more freq. in Od., as 13.319, 14.312, 18.160, 22.472; so in S.OT 1005, OC 1305, X.Cyr.1.4.25, Pl.Ti. 77e, etc.: after historical [tense] pres.,

    πέμπει τούσδ' ὅπως κτείνοιεν A.Pers. 450

     ;

    ἡγεμόνα πέμπει ὅπως ἄγοι X.An.4.7.19

     : after opt.,

    ἔλθοι.. ὅ. γένοιτο A.Eu. 297

    , cf. S.Aj. 1221 (lyr.).
    3 with ind.,
    a of historical tenses, where the principal clause expresses an action or obligation unfulfilled,

    εἴθ' εἶχε φωνὴν ἔμφρον' ἀγγέλου δίκην, ὅ. δίφροντις οὖσα μὴ 'κινυσσόμην A.Ch. 196

    , cf. S.El. 1134: rare in Prose,

    ἐδεξάμην ἃν.. φράσαι πρὸς ὑμᾶς.., ὅ... προῄδετε And.2.21

     ; τίς οὐκ ἂν.. ταῦτα ἐδήλωσεν, ὅ... ταῦτα ἠλέγχθη; D.36.20;

    οὐκοῦν ἐχρῆν σε Πηγάσου ζεῦξαι πτερόν, ὅ. ἐφαίνου τοῖς θεοῖς τραγικώτερος Ar. Pax 135

    ; τί.. οὐκ ἔρριψ' ἐμαυτὴν.. ὅ. ἀπηλλάγην; A.Pr. 749.
    b of [tense] fut., θέλγει, ὅ. Ἰθάκης ἐπιλήσεται (= φραζομένη ὅπως ἐ.) Od.1.57, cf. Il.1.136 ;

    [χρὴ] ἀναβιβάζειν ἐπὶ τὸν τροχὸν τοὺς ἀπογραφέντας, ὅ. μὴ πρότερον νὺξ ἔσται And.1.43

     ;

    ἐμισθώσατο τοῦτον.., ὅ. συνερεῖ D.19.316

     : sts. [tense] fut. ind. and [tense] aor. subj. are conjoined,

    σιγᾶθ', ὅ. μὴ πεύσεταί τις, ὦ τέκνα, γλώσσης χάριν δὲ πάντ' ἀπαγγείλῃ τάδε A. Ch. 265

    .
    II ὅπως c. subj. is sts. used after Verbs of will and endeavour, instead of the inf.,

    λίσσεσθαι.. ὅ. νημερτέα εἴπῃ Od.3.19

     ;

    αἰτεῖσθαι ὅ. μὴ καταψηφίσησθε Antipho 1.12

     ; δεήσεται.., ὅ. δίκην μὴ δῷ ib.23 ;

    ὅ. μὴ ἀποθάνῃ ἠντεβόλει Lys.1.29

     ; παρακελεύεσθε ὑμῖν

    αὐτοῖς ὅ... ἐξίητε Lycurg.127

     ( ἔξιτε Rehdantz): with

    ἄν, δεῖταί μου σφόδρα ὅπως ἂν οἰκουρῇ Ar.Ach. 1060

    , cf. Hdt.2.126, 3.44 ;

    διεκελεύετο ὅπως ἂν.. ἐγγράφωσί με Is.7.27

    ; so δεῖ σ' ὅ. δείξεις (for δεῖξαι), S.Aj. 556, may be expld. as ellipsis for δεῖ σ' ὁρᾶν (σκοπεῖν) ὅπως, cf. Id.Ph.55 ;

    δεῖ σ' ὅπως.. μηδὲν διοίσεις.. Cratin.108

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὅπως

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